According to the seventh national census of Hubei Province, as of 00:00 on November 1, 2020, the resident population of Ezhou was 1,079,353, including 715,300 in urban areas and 364,100 in rural areas. The urbanization rate increased by 8.32%. Compared with the 1,048,668 people in the sixth national census in 2010, the city's resident population increased by 30,685 people, an increase of 2.93%, reaching an average annual growth rate of 0.29%. Ezhou is one of the five cities and prefectures in Hubei Province with growing population.
There are many ethnic minorities in Ezhou, including Tujia, Hui, Zhuang, Manchu, Miao, Mongolian, Yao, Li, Dong, Korean, Yi, Gaoshan, Xibo, Bai, Qiang, Naxi, Tibetan, Uygur, Fan, Shui, Buyi, Mulao, Maonan, Lisu, Gelao and others.